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(No Model.) I

J. T. PAGEY. V DEVICE FOR AUTOMATICALLY OPENING, AND CLOSING HATGHES I 0F ELBVATORS. No. 325,858. Patented Sept. 8, 1885.

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" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN T. PAOEY, on PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AssieNoR' or ONE- HALF TO' ALEXANDER EWING,'OF SAME PLACE.

DEVICE FORAUTOMHATICALLY. OPENINGAND CLOSING HATCHES 0F ELEVATORS.

, SPECIFICATIONTQmling part 0'; Letters Patent o. 325,958, dated September "a, 1385.

Application filed July 28, 1885. (No model.) l h To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I," JOHN T. PACEY, of Philadelphia, inthe State of Pennsylvania,

have invented a certainnew and useful Device for Automatically Opening and Olosingthe Hatchesof Elevators.

The following is a specification of my said improvements, reference being had to the ac-I companying drawings, wherein Figure 1 rep-' resents a front view, partly in vertical section, of the device appliedtoan elevator. Fig. 2

is a. partial front view of .the same, showing" the hatches when opening for the descent of the elevator. Fig. 8 is a similar partial view, showing the hatches entirely open and the elevator in the act of passingthrough the hatchway. Fig. 4 is a central vertical section through the elevator and'the device'on a plane at right angles to the position shown in The object of my invention is toautomat;

ically open the hatches for the descent of the elevator, and close them after its ascent, the necessary movements being accomplished with entire certainty and precision, and without any shock or jar to the apparatus.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the elevator-car suspended by means of the rope B, and operated in any desired manner.

In Fig. 1 the hatchways of two floors are shown, the hatches of the lower one being indicated by D D, the upper one by D D. My improved device is only represented as applied to the lower of these hatches, the upper hatches being only shown for the purpose of more clearly illustrating ,the movements of the other portions of the apparatus. The

lower hatches, D D, are hinged at d cl to the frame-work of the hatchway, and their inner ends are supported upon the one side by the ledge or shoulder h of the frame, (see Fig. 4,) and upon the other side upon'the rollers I I. These rollers are mounted upon the lower ends of a pair of levers, G G, which have a common pivot or fulcrum, 9, whereby they are attached to or suspended from the wall or side of the elevator-shaft. At the upper end of said levers G G is a second pair of rollers, H H.

By reference to the sectional view of Fig.

tit will be seen that the lateral projection of the lower "rollers, I I, is considerably greater than thatof theupper rollers, H H, and that the width of the hatches DD is such that while one side of them can rest upon the lower rollers,I I, they will clear the upper rollers, H H, which project to a less distance from the arms G G. The same purpose could be answered by providing projecting pins or studs in place of the rollers I I HH, butI prefer to use the latter to avoid too greatfriction in theoperation of the machine;

At the back of the elevator-car I attach a piece, E, which I term the cam-piece, and

which extends, as shown, some distance below the bottom of the car, where it terminates in a point approached by two camsurfaces, e e, preferably of ogive form, as shown. By reference to the sectional view of Fig. 4 it will be seen that the thickness and position of the cam-piece E is such that it will engage with the upper rollers, H H, but will pass freely by the lower rollers, I I, by reason of the greater lateral projection of the latter.

. A short distance above the lower end of the cam-piece E a second cam-piece, F, is provided. As seen in Fig. 4, this cam-piece F has such a lateral extension from the piece E as that it shall pass freely by the upper rollers, H H, and shall come in contact with and actuate the lower rollers, I I. The camsurface of the cam-piece F is extended on each side by means of a metal band, f, sufficiently stout to resist the thrust which it is to bear, but

having the same width as that of the campiece F, so that it, like the latter, shall clear the upper rollers, H H, no matter what their position, but shall come in contact with the lower rollers, I I. .I prefer to extend the metal band which forms the camsurfaces f f up along the sides of the elevator, as shown in the figures, so as to form a good bearing-surface for the hatches to slide or run upon when the car passes through them.

Each of the hatchesDD is provided at its end and upon the side which is adjacent to the rollers I I with a small frictionioller, K, so placed that the cam-surfaces ff will come in contact therewith.

I prefer to mount upon each side of the elevator shaft springs J J, which, when the hatches are in their extreme open position, bear against them, so as to insure their closing after the passage of the car.

At the top of the car is an arched band of metal, 0, which is the ordinary device for opening the hatches on the ascent of the car.

At the back of the car the cam-piecesF and E are carried upward, with their surfaces coinciding, to the point L, as shown in the dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 3, forming cam-surfaces Z Z, which project from the back of the car itself.

The operation of the device can be best exemplified by describing the descent of the car, and in such case is as follows: The parts being in the position shown in Fig. 1, and the car descending, it is necessary to open the hatches D D for its passage. The point of the cam-pieces E enters between the rollers H H; but as soon as the cam-surfaces e 6 come in contact with said rollers the pressure forces the levers g 9 open, thus throwing the lower ends outward and upward, and, by means of the rollers I I, raising the hatches D D. By the time that the rollers H H have traveled completely out upon the camsurfaces e e, and hence have begun to run upon the straight sides of the cam-piece E, the hatches D D have been raised somewhat beyond an angle of fortyfive degrees, and by this time the descent of the car has brought the second cam-surfaces, ff, into contact with the rollers K upon the hatches. This position of the parts is shown in Fig. 2, where it will be seen that the levers are separated to their widest extent, and that the rollers K are just beginning to travel upon the cam-surfaces f. As the descent of the car continues the cam-surfaces f cause the hatches D D to open outward, thus leaving the supporting-rollers I I and running out upon the continuation of the strip f on the sides of the car. The car then passes through the hatchway, the hatches assuming the substantially perpendicular position shown in Fig. 3. The dotted lines in said figure show the position which the lever-arms G G then assume, they being kept apart by the contact between the rollers I I and the upper cam-surfaces, Z Z, behind the car. These cam-surfaces, upon the further descent of the car, permit the levers G G to gradually reassume the position'shown in Fig. 1, the rollers I I running slowly down the incline Z Z until the perpendicular is reached. As the car continues its descent the hatches close, partly through the action of the springs J J and partly through gravity, the gradual descent of the hatches being effected, as shown at the top of Fig. 1, by means of the arched piece 0, upon which they rest, and which lets them slowly down as the carpasses." When the car is moving upward, this arched piece 0 strikes the under side of the hatches and opens them, and the car runs freely between them, as in the case of its descent. The effect, how ever, of the cam-surfaces Z Z when they reach the bottom rollers, I I, on the ascent of the car is to open said rollers, and'consequently the lever-arms G G move outward until they assume the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, and as the car continues to ascend the exact reverse of the operations just described takes place to permit the closing of the hatches ment when by the ascent of the car the camsurfaces f have quitted the rollers K. The travel of the rollers H then begins down the cam-surfaces e 6, thus permitting the approach of the lever-arms G G toward one another,and the consequent slow descent of the hatches D D, which are now supported upon the rollers I I. When the car has reached the position shown in Fig. 1, the cam-surfaces e e have quitted the rollers H H, and the levers are in their perdicular position, with the hatches D D shut and resting, as before described, upon the rollers I I.

It will be seen that the function of the device is to open the hatches for the descent of the elevator and to close them after its ascent,

the converse of these operations-viz., the

opening of the doors upon the ascent of the elevator and the closing of them upon its descent-being effected in the ordinary manner by means of the arched piece 0, which, alone, forms no part of my invention.

I have in the foregoing specification described my improvement as applied to a double hatch; but obviously it can be used in connection with a single hatch by modifying the extension of the respective cam-surfaces,or it can be used in connection with asingle member of a double hatch, the other memberbeing operated by the movement of said first member. Furthermore, the use of the frictionrollers I I, H H, and K K, though highly advantageous, is not absolutely essential to the mode of operation of the device, provided the surfaces are so constructed as to permit the movements without too much friction. I do not, therefore, limit my claim to the exact form and arrangement shown; but

I claim 1. The combination of a hatch, aleverarm, one end of which engages beneath said hatch, and an elevator-car provided with two camsurfaces, one of which engages with the free end of said lever-arm, but passes freely by said hatch, and the other of which passes freely by the lever-arm, but engages with said hatch when the same is raised beyond an angular position of forty-five degrees to the horizon, the whole operating substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of thehinged hatch D, having at its free end the roller K on one side thereof, the lever-arm G, having at one end a friction-roller, I, of sufficient lateral projection to engage beneath said hatch, and having at its other end a friction-roller, H,

whose lateral projection is such as to permit operating substantially in the manner set it to pass freely by said hatch, the elevatorforth, whereby the opening and closing of the I0 car A, the cam-pieces projecting below and hatches is efiected on the movement of the ear behind said ear, the cam-surfaces e and f, in either direction.

5 whose lateral projection corresponds, respeet- JOHN T. PACEY.

ively, with the rollers H and K, the cam-sur- Witnesses: facesl behind said car, and the arch-piece C 7 CHARLES F. ZIEGLER,

on top of said earthe whole arranged and FORREST W. WEST. 

